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Why do almost all vertebrates have tails, but not apes and frogs?

11.06.2025 13:25

Why do almost all vertebrates have tails, but not apes and frogs?

And apes and frogs are no exception. Both still have the lost anal tail. It is just shortened and entirely hidden inside the adult body. But you can still see it in their skeletons.

Vertebrates are chordates and all chordates have, as part of the defining body plan of the phylum, a post anal tail.

And of course, frogs have a perfectly normal and prominent chordate post-anal tail as juveniles.

From an axiology/value theory point of view, how can one say that a diverse society is better than a uniform one, especially given the negative effects of diversity (racism, sectarian conflict, problems arising from extreme cultural relativism)?